Animal Science and Food Technology

The paper considers the results of the cytogenetic study of cows of Ukrainian dairy breeds in order to find a connection of chromosomal aberrations with impaired reproductive ability. For the study of chromosome set selected 33 cow Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy. The production of lymphocytes culture and chromosomes analysis was conducted at the laboratory of Genetics of the Institute of Breeding and Animal genetics named after M. V. Zubtsya. For the preparation of chromosomes, peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultivated within 72 hours at the temperature + 370 C in the environment of RPMI 1640 (Sigma, USA) with 0.1 ml of FHA (Sigma, USA) as the Mitgen and 15 % embryonal calfskin Serum. The discontinuation of cell division in the metaphase stage has been stopped by the introduction of Colchicine (“Serva”, Germany, 0.3 micrograms/ml). Treatment of suspension cells after cultivation was hypotonic 0.075 m solution with the subsequent fixation in three shifts of the mixture of methanol-acetic acid (3:1). Classification and accounting aberrations chromosomes carried out according to generally accepted techniques. As a result of studies in chromosomal sets of all animals with different frequency revealed anomalies of genomic type (aneuploidy and polyploidy) and structural aberrations of chromosomes (fragments, breaks, associations of chromosomes). The karyotype of animals with impaired reproductive capacity revealed an incidence of cells with aneuploid and polyploid chromosome sets of 13.02 % and cells with chromosomal aberrations of 3.4% greater than cows with normal reproductive functions. Cytogenetic study of cows not only assesses the karyotype saturation by unwanted chromosome aberrations, but also allows the use of the results obtained to predict at an early age the animal’s productive level and reproductive capacity.

Ukrainian Red-and-White dairy cattle breed, cytogenetic research, karyotype, aberrations, chromosomes, reproductive ability, productive qualities.